Ecological Consequences of Energy Poverty in South Asia
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.main##
Abstract
Ecological imbalances are caused by limited access to clean energy. The continuous use of traditional energy sources for economic activities has deteriorated the environmental conditions. Addressing the energy poverty, need a varied approach that combines improved access to clean and affordable energy with sustainable resource management practices. This study seeks to investigate the effects of energy poverty on environmental quality in South Asian countries used panel data spanning 2000 to 2021. For analysis, the CIPS second-generation panel unit root test was used to determine the existence of cross-sectional dependence, while the Pool Mean Group (PMG) was applied as a result. In both periods, energy poverty is negatively linked with the ecological footprint, and GDPpc is positively related to the ecological footprint. In the context of South Asia, policies should address both issues by investing in renewable energy infrastructure development.
##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.details##
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
- Amin, A., Liu, Y., Yu, J., Chandio, A. A., Rasool, S. F., Luo, J., & Zaman, S. (2020). How does energy poverty affect economic development? A panel data analysis of South Asian countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(4), 31623-31635. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09173-6
- Amin, A., Wang, Z., Shah, A. H., & Chandio, A. A. (2023). Exploring the dynamic nexus between renewable energy, poverty alleviation, and environmental pollution: Fresh evidence from E-9 countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(10), 25773-25791. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-23870-4
- Apaydin, Ş., Ursavaş, U., & Koç, U. (2021). The impact of globalization on the ecological footprint: do convergence clubs matter? Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(38), 53379-53393. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14300-y
- Arnaut, M., & Dada, J. T. (2023). Exploring the nexus between economic complexity, energy consumption and ecological footprint: new insights from the United Arab Emirates. International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 17(6), 1137-1160. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJESM-06-2022-0015
- Batool, K., Zhao, Z. Y., Sun, H., & Irfan, M. (2023). Modeling the impact of energy poverty on income poverty, health poverty, educational poverty, and environmental poverty: A roadmap towards environmental sustainability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(36), 85276-85291. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28238-w
- Bouzarovski, S., & Petrova, S. (2015). A global perspective on domestic energy deprivation: Overcoming the energy poverty–fuel poverty binary. Energy Research & Social Science, 10, 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2015.06.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2015.06.007
- Bruckner, B., Hubacek, K., Shan, Y., Zhong, H., & Feng, K. (2022). Impacts of poverty alleviation on national and global carbon emissions. Nature Sustainability, 5(4), 311-320. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-021-00842-z
- Byaro, M., Dimoso, P., & Rwezaula, A. (2023). Are clean energy technologies a panacea for environmental sustainability in sub-Saharan African countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 1(1), 1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-28438-4
- Carfora, A., & Scandurra, G. (2024). Boosting green energy transition to tackle energy poverty in Europe. Energy Research & Social Science, 110(5), 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.erss.2024.103451
- Charlier, D., & Legendre, B. (2021). Fuel poverty in industrialized countries: Definition, measures and policy implications a review. Energy, 236, 121557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121557 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.121557
- Chen, H., Yin, S., Li, X., Wang, J., & Zhang, R. (2018). Analyses of biomass burning contribution to aerosol in Zhengzhou during wheat harvest season in 2015. Atmospheric Research, 207(8), 62-73. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2018.02.025
- Danish, M. S. S., Bhattacharya, A., Stepanova, D., Mikhaylov, A., Grilli, M. L., Khosravy, M., & Senjyu, T. (2020). A systematic review of metal oxide applications for energy and environmental sustainability. Metals, 10(12), 1604. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/met10121604
- Dimnwobi, S. K., Okere, K. I., Onuoha, F. C., Uzoechina, B. I., Ekesiobi, C., & Nwokoye, E. S. (2023). Energizing environmental sustainability in Sub-Saharan Africa: The role of governance quality in mitigating the environmental impact of energy poverty. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(45), 101761-101781. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-29541-2
- Doganalp, N., Ozsolak, B., & Aslan, A. (2021). The effects of energy poverty on economic growth: a panel data analysis for BRICS countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(36), 50167-50178. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14185-x
- Eufrasio Espinosa, R. M., & Lenny Koh, S. C. (2024). Forecasting the ecological footprint of G20 countries in the next 30 years. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-57994-z
- Galvin, R. (2024). Reducing poverty in the UK to mitigate energy poverty by the 10% and LIHC indicators: What tax changes are needed, and what are the consequences for CO2 emissions? Ecological Economics, 217, 108055. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.108055 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.108055
- Garba, I., & Bellingham, R. (2021). Energy poverty: Estimating the impact of solid cooking fuels on GDP per capita in developing countries-Case of sub-Saharan Africa. Energy, 221, 119770. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.119770
- Guliyev, H. (2024). Determinants of ecological footprint in European countries: Fresh insight from Bayesian model averaging for panel data analysis. Science of The Total Environment, 912(7), 1-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169455
- Hernandez, H., & Molina, C. (2023). Analyzing energy poverty and carbon emissions in a social housing complex due to changes in thermal standards. Energy for Sustainable Development, 77, 101347. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2023.101347 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2023.101347
- Hosan, S., Rahman, M. M., Karmaker, S. C., Chapman, A. J., & Saha, B. B. (2023). Remittances and multidimensional energy poverty: Evidence from a household survey in Bangladesh. Energy, 262(1), 1-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2022.125326
- Illankoon, W. A., Milanese, C., Girella, A., Rathnasiri, P. G., Sudesh, K. H., Llamas, M. M., Collivignarelli, M. C., & Sorlini, S. (2022). Agricultural biomass-based power generation potential in Sri Lanka: A techno-economic analysis. Energies, 15(23), 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en15238984
- Katekar, V., & Deshmukh, S. S. (2021). En route for the accomplishment of SDG-7 in South Asian countries: a retrospective study. Strategic Planning for Energy and the Environment, 1(1), 195-230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13052/spee1048-4236.4031
- Khan, S., Yahong, W., & Chandio, A. A. (2022). How does economic complexity affect ecological footprint in G-7 economies: the role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumptions and testing EKC hypothesis. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 29(31), 47647-47660. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-19094-1
- Kirikkaleli, D., Adebayo, T. S., Khan, Z., & Ali, S. (2021). Does globalization matter for ecological footprint in Turkey? Evidence from dual adjustment approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(11), 14009-14017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11654-7
- Kousar, S., Ahmed, F., Pervaiz, A., Zafar, M., & Abbas, S. (2020). A panel co-integration analysis between energy consumption and poverty: new evidence from South Asian countries. Studies of Applied Economics, 38(3), 1-19. DOI: https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v38i3.3441
- Langnel, Z., & Amegavi, G. B. (2020). Globalization, electricity consumption and ecological footprint: An autoregressive distributive lag (ARDL) approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 63(2), 1-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102482
- Li, J., Gao, M., Luo, E., Wang, J., & Zhang, X. (2023). Does rural energy poverty alleviation really reduce agricultural carbon emissions? The case of China. Energy Economics, 119, 106576. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106576 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2023.106576
- Lohani, S. P., Gurung, P., Gautam, B., Kafle, U., Fulford, D., & Jeuland, M. (2023). Current status, prospects, and implications of renewable energy for achieving sustainable development goals in Nepal. Sustainable Development, 31(1), 572-585. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.2392
- Magazzino, C. (2024). Ecological footprint, electricity consumption, and economic growth in China: geopolitical risk and natural resources governance. Empirical Economics, 66(1), 1-25. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00181-023-02460-4
- Majeed, M. T., Tauqir, A., Mazhar, M., & Samreen, I. (2021). Asymmetric effects of energy consumption and economic growth on ecological footprint: new evidence from Pakistan. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(1), 32945-32961 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-13130-2
- Mattioli, G., Lucas, K., & Marsden, G. (2017). Transport poverty and fuel poverty in the UK: From analogy to comparison. Transport Policy, 59, 93-105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.07.007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.07.007
- Mehmood, U. (2021). Renewable-nonrenewable energy: institutional quality and environment nexus in South Asian countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(21), 26529-26536. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-12554-0
- Nathaniel, S. P., & Adeleye, N. (2021). Environmental preservation amidst carbon emissions, energy consumption, and urbanization in selected African countries: implication for sustainability. Journal of Cleaner Production, 285(10), 1-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.125409
- Nautiyal, H., & Goel, V. (2021). Sustainability assessment: Metrics and methods. Methods in Sustainability Science, 3(1), 27-46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-823987-2.00017-9
- Opoku, E. E. O., Acheampong, A. O., & Aluko, O. A. (2024). Impact of rural-urban energy equality on environmental sustainability and the role of governance. Journal of Policy Modeling, 46(2), 304-335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2024.01.004
- Oryani, B., Moridian, A., Han, C. S., Rezania, S., Kasyoka, K. K., Darajeh, N., Ghahroud, M. L., & Shahzad, U. (2022). Modeling the environmental impact of energy poverty in South Korea: Do environment-related technologies matter? Fuel, 329(5), 1- 20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2022.125394
- Pan, L., Biru, A., & Lettu, S. (2021). Energy poverty and public health: Global evidence. Energy Economics, 101, 105423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105423 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105423
- Pata, U. K. (2021). Renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, economic complexity, CO 2 emissions, and ecological footprint in the USA: testing the EKC hypothesis with a structural break. Environmental science and pollution research, 28, 846-861. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10446-3
- Primc, K., Dominko, M., & Slabe-Erker, R. (2021). 30 years of energy and fuel poverty research: A retrospective analysis and future trends. Journal of Cleaner Production, 301, 127003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127003
- Qurat-ul-Ann, A. R., & Mirza, F. M. (2020). Meta-analysis of empirical evidence on energy poverty: The case of developing economies. Energy Policy, 141, 111444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2020.111444
- Raghutla, C., Padmagirisan, P., Sakthivel, P., Chittedi, K. R., & Mishra, S. (2022). The effect of renewable energy consumption on ecological footprint in N-11 countries: Evidence from panel quantile regression approach. Renewable Energy, 197(2), 125-137. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2022.07.100
- Rahman, M. M., Husnain, M. I., & Azimi, M. N. (2024). An environmental perspective of energy consumption, overpopulation, and human capital barriers in South Asia. Scientific Reports, 14(1), 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-53950-z
- Rao, J., Ali, S., Nazar, R., & Anser, M. K. (2024). From darkness to light: Unveiling the asymmetric nexus between energy poverty and environmental quality in South Asia, Heliyon. 10(1), 1-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27100
- Rehman, A., Radulescu, M., Ma, H., Dagar, V., Hussain, I., & Khan, M. K. (2021). The impact of globalization, energy use, and trade on ecological footprint in Pakistan: does environmental sustainability exist? Energies, 14(17), 1-16. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175234
- Ritu, R. K., & Kaur, A. (2024). Towards environmental sustainability: nexus of ecological footprint, human capital, economic growth and energy consumption in India. Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal, 35(1), 179-200. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/MEQ-06-2023-0172
- Roy, A. (2024). The impact of foreign direct investment, renewable and non-renewable energy consumption, and natural resources on ecological footprint: an Indian perspective. International Journal of Energy Sector Management, 18(1), 141-161. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJESM-09-2022-0004
- Sabir, S., & Gorus, M. S. (2019). The impact of globalization on ecological footprint: empirical evidence from the South Asian countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 26, 33387-33398. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06458-3
- Salari, T. E., Roumiani, A., & Kazemzadeh, E. (2021). Globalization, renewable energy consumption, and agricultural production impacts on ecological footprint in emerging countries: using quantile regression approach. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 28(36), 49627-49641. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-021-14204-x
- Sharif, A., Baris-Tuzemen, O., Uzuner, G., Ozturk, I., & Sinha, A. (2020). Revisiting the role of renewable and non-renewable energy consumption on Turkey’s ecological footprint: Evidence from Quantile ARDL approach. Sustainable Cities and Society, 57, 102138. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102138 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102138
- Tovar Reaños, M. A. (2021). Fuel for poverty: A model for the relationship between income and fuel poverty. Evidence from Irish microdata. Energy Policy, 156, 112444. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2021.112444
- Tran, H. V., Tran, A. V., Hoang, N. B., & Huynh Mai, T. N. (2024). Asymmetric effects of foreign direct investment and globalization on ecological footprint in Indonesia. Plos One, 19(1), 1-22.
- Tran, H. V., Tran, A. V., Hoang, N. B., & Huynh Mai, T. N. (2024). Asymmetric effects of foreign direct investment and globalization on ecological footprint in Indonesia. Plos One, 19(1), 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0297046
- Udemba, E. N. (2020). A sustainable study of economic growth and development amidst ecological footprint: new insight from Nigerian Perspective. Science of the total environment, 732(34), 1-28. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139270
- Ullah, S., Khan, M., & Yoon, S. M. (2021). Measuring energy poverty and its impact on economic growth in Pakistan. Sustainability, 13(19), 1-18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su131910969
- Ulucak, R., Sari, R., Erdogan, S., & Alexandre Castanho, R. (2021). Bibliometric literature analysis of a multi-dimensional sustainable development issue: energy poverty. Sustainability, 13(17), 1-21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13179780
- United Nation environment Program (UNEP). (2023). Emissions Gap Report 2023: Broken Record – Temperatures hit new highs, yet world fails to cut emissions (again). United Arab Emirates (UAE), UNEP. https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/43922/EGR2023.pdf
- United Nations Development Programme. (2023). The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2023.https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2023/The-Sustainable-Development-Goals-Report-2023.pdf
- Usman, O., Akadiri, S. S., & Adeshola, I. (2020). Role of renewable energy and globalization on ecological footprint in the USA: implications for environmental sustainability. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 27(24), 30681-30693. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09170-9
- UZ Zaman, Q., Zhao, Y., Zaman, S., & Shah, A. H. (2023). Examining the symmetrical effect of traditional energy resources, industrial production, and poverty lessening on ecological sustainability: Policy track in the milieu of five neighboring Asian economies. Resources Policy, 83, 103606. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resourpol.2023.103606
- Villanthenkodath, M. A., & Pal, S. (2023). How economic globalization affects the ecological footprint in India? A novel dynamic ARDL simulations. Journal of Economic and Administrative Sciences. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1108/JEAS-01-2022-0005
- Wahyudi, H., Suripto, S., & Palupi, W. A. (2023). Long-term implications of economic complexity and energy intensity on the environment in lower-middle-income countries in Asia. International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, 13(1), 164-171. DOI: https://doi.org/10.32479/ijeep.13737
- World Health Organization. (2023). Household air pollution. World Health Organization, Geneva. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health
- Xue, L., Haseeb, M., Mahmood, H., Alkhateeb, T. T. Y., & Murshed, M. (2021). Renewable energy use and ecological footprints mitigation: evidence from selected South Asian economies. Sustainability, 13(4), 1-20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13041613
- Yahong, W., Cai, Y., Khan, S., & Chandio, A. A. (2023). How do clean fuels and technology-based energy poverty affect carbon emissions? New evidence from eighteen developing countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(13), 37396-37414. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-022-24798-5
- Yawale, S. K., Hanaoka, T., Kapshe, M., & Pandey, R. (2023). End-use energy projections: Future regional disparity and energy poverty at the household level in rural and urban areas of India. Energy Policy, 182(9), 1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2023.113772
- Zhang, J., Faraz Raza, S. M., Huang, Y., & Wang, C. (2023). What affect energy poverty in China? A path towards sustainable development. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 36(2), 1-22. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/1331677X.2022.2111316
- Zhao, J., Dong, K., & Dong, X. (2024). How does energy poverty eradication affect global carbon neutrality? Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 191, 114104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.114104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2023.114104
- Zhao, J., Jiang, Q., Dong, X., & Dong, K. (2021). Assessing energy poverty and its effect on CO2 emissions: The case of China. Energy Economics, 97, 105191. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105191 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2021.105191
- Zhou, K., Wang, Y., & Hussain, J. (2022). Energy poverty assessment in the belt and road initiative countries: Based on entropy weight-TOPSIS approach. Energy Efficiency, 15(7), 1- 46. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-022-10055-8